Abstract
Structured light 3D shape metrology has become a very important technique and one of the hot research topics in 3D face recognition. However, it is still very challenging to use the digital light projector (DLP) in a 3D scanner and achieve high-speed, low-cost, small-size, and infrared-illuminated measurements. Instead of using a DLP, this paper proposes to use a galvanometer scanner to project phase-shifted fringes with a projection speed of infrared fringes up to 500 fps. Moreover, the measurement accuracy of multi-frequency (hierarchical) and multi-wavelength (heterodyne) temporal phase unwrapping approaches implemented in this system is analyzed. The measurement accuracy of the two methods is better than 0.2 mm. Comparisons are made between this method and the classical DLP approach. This method can achieve a similar accuracy and repeatability compared to the classical DLP method when a face mask is measured. The experiments on real human face indicate that this proposed method can improve the field of 3D scanning applications at a lower cost.
Highlights
Three-dimensional (3D) face measurement has been widely employed in 3D-aided face recognition to overcome the effects of pose, expression, and illumination variations in facial images with great potential in many applications [1]
Dense and accurate 3D point cloud data of a human face can be obtained by fringe projection profilometry (FPP) approaches [2], which have proven to be one of the most promising techniques [3,4,5,6,7] in 3D measurement, and the scanning result is more realistic and accurate than the multi-view images method [8]
Huang et al [9] measured a human face by removing the colour filter of a digital light processing (DLP) projector
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) face measurement has been widely employed in 3D-aided face recognition to overcome the effects of pose, expression, and illumination variations in facial images with great potential in many applications [1]. Dense and accurate 3D point cloud data of a human face can be obtained by fringe projection profilometry (FPP) approaches [2], which have proven to be one of the most promising techniques [3,4,5,6,7] in 3D measurement, and the scanning result is more realistic and accurate than the multi-view images method [8]. Various methods based on projecting different kinds of structured light patterns have been developed and used for face 3D measurement. Huang et al [9] measured a human face by removing the colour filter of a digital light processing (DLP) projector. In this case, the three sinusoidal fringe patterns with a 120-deg phase shift between neighbouring channels can be compressed to
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