3D Data in Human Remains Disciplines: The Ethical Challenges

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of 3D imaging in mainstream science is changing the quality and quantity of data that can be obtained. In the study of human remains, the structures and variations of the skeleton holds significant probative value in reconstructing the biological and physical history of that individual. As such, these new 3D tools are being successfully applied in the visualisation and assessment of human remains across forensic and archaeological contexts. However, while the practical applications are being discussed in the published literature, there has been little to no consideration of the more conceptual issues around the widespread use of these novel technologies in human remains disciplines. 3D imaging is producing increasingly accurate and realistic models that share many physical traits, and cultural and societal significances with the original skeletal remains. These are serious causes of concern for the ownership, sharing, and use of these resultant 3D digitisations, especially since there are already unique ethical challenges in the study and use of human remains. This chapter will discuss these issues within the context of a survey which revealed conflicting opinions between researchers and curators concerning the use, ownership, and ethics of 3D digital data of human remains.