Abstract
Methanol oxidation (MOR) and urea oxidation (UOR) have been considered for new types of fuel cells, but the lack of highly active nonnoble metal catalysts restricts such cells. A NiCo-modified biomass carbon (milk as the carbon source)-based catalyst with a 3D structure is synthesized by using salt templates. The results show that 3D-C-NiCo (1:1) exhibits excellent MOR and UOR properties with a potential of 1.33 V vs. RHE and 1.35 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. MOR and UOR reactions not only can replace the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in consumption of electrolytic water but also can effectively degrade wastewater pollution rich in methanol and urea.
Highlights
The search for new green energy is an effective way to address the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental issues [1,2]
In the preparation process of hydrogen energy, the reaction kinetics of hydrogen evolution from electrolytic water are slow; the overpotential required for the reaction is large, and the total energy consumption of the reaction is high [7]
The reaction rate of hydrogen evolution from the cathode is limited to a certain extent
Summary
The search for new green energy is an effective way to address the increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental issues [1,2]. Novel fuel cells, such as methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and urea fuel cells (DUFCs), have attracted extensive interest from scientists due to their high energy density and official sources [3,4,5]. The MOR and UOR replacing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) could significantly decrease the total energy consumption of the water electrolysis reaction and accelerate the hydrogen evolution reaction [8,9]. Because of the excellent oxidation properties of Ni, Co-based and alloy materials, we designed the use of salt templates and Ni and Co precursors after carbonization to prepare
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