3D Analysis of Condylar Position after Sagittal Split Osteotomy of the Mandible in Mono- and Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery – a Methodology Study in 18 Patients

Abstract

This study analyzes the condylar position with intercondylar distance and angle after sagittal split osteotomy in mono- and bimaxillary orthognathic surgery applying cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images before and after surgery. Data of 18 patients, ten males (mean age 28 years) and eight females (mean age 26 years) undergoing the described surgery between 2008 and 2009 were analyzed. CBCT scans were performed with the KaVo 3DeXam (KaVo, Biberach/ Riß, Germany) (identical with the iCAT scan device) before and after surgery. The exported DICOM data were analyzed with ImageJ morphometry software. Patients were also asked about TMJ problems. The two-tailed t test was used and significance was set at a p value less than p = 0.05. There was no significant difference between the pre- and postoperative distances between condylar centers (mean difference: 1 mm) (p = 0.69) and intercondylar angle (mean difference: 6.6°) (p = 0.27). CBCT is a novel imaging technique appropriate for detailed and three-dimensional analysis of the condylar position in orthognathic surgery. Available freeware analysis software can be applied for metrical measurements. Our cases showed no significant changes of condylar position immediately after surgery without intraoperative condylar fixation.