Abstract
Highly sensitive 3,8-diaminobenzo[c]cinnoline (3,8-DABCC) modified graphene oxide (GO) electrode was prepared, and it was denoted as pGO-DABCC. The electrode material was characterized with infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). pGO-DABCC on glassy carbon (GC/pGO-DABCC) electrode was investigated for simultaneous determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in aqueous media by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Optimum conditions of the electrode were determined with some parameters such as constant potential, incubation time, pH, and volume of suspension on the electrode. The calibration equations for Cd2+ and Pb2+ determination were calculated as Ip(μA) = 0.3606[Cd2+] + 0.4346 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9972 and Ip(μA) = 0.2496[Pb2+] + 0.2878 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9968 (N = 5), respectively. The detection limits (LODs) for Cd2+ and Pb2+ were calculated as 0.12 and 0.21 μg/L, respectively. The remarkable results, such as good selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility were obtained with the modified electrode. Application of the sensors to milk samples produced recovery values in the range 95 to 102 %.
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