372. Does smoking cessation in pregnancy affect rate of gestational weight gain?

Abstract

Objective To evaluate whether smoking cessation in early pregnancy influences gestational weight gain. Methods In this retrospective study smoking status was identified using “tobacco in pregnancy” ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for term pregnancies with established prenatal care at or before 18 weeks gestation. Data regarding demographics, smoking status prior to and during pregnancy, weights throughout pregnancy, as well as measures of neonatal outcome were recorded. Patients were divided into groups according to smoking status at or before 18 weeks gestation. Although term, given the variability in timing of weight measurements, weight gain was assessed by rate per day. Rate of weight gain was assessed at different intervals representing weight gain in early versus late pregnancy (less than or greater than 28–32 weeks respectively). Results Patients were predominantly white (46.6%), average age of 29, with an average pre-pregnancy BMI of 28. For early pregnancy, quitters had a statistically greater rate of weight gain (0.163 lbs/day) compared to smokers (0.133 lbs/day) and compared to nonsmokers (0.110 lbs/day), p 0.05. Rate of weight gain in late pregnancy also showed a statistically significant increase for quitters (0.173 lbs/day) compared to smokers (0.131 lbs/day), p 0.05. There was no significant difference for neonatal outcomes according to maternal smoking status. Conclusion Despite a statistically greater rate of weight gain in patients who quit smoking in early pregnancy compared to continued smokers and non-smokers, neonatal outcomes were similar in all groups. Additional intervention is needed to encourage improved maternal outcomes with smoking cessation in pregnancy.