#3682 THE KETONE BODY BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE IS ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER KIDNEY FUNCTION OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH ADPKD: RESULTS OF THE DIPAK COHORT

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims A dysregulated energy metabolism is a key feature of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), characterized by cystic cells being dependent on glucose and poorly able to use other energy sources such as ketone bodies. Besides providing energy, ketone bodies, especially beta-hydroxybutyrate, can act as signaling metabolites and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. In experimental studies, raising ketone body concentration reduced disease progression. Therefore, we hypothesized that higher endogenous serum beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration reduces disease progression in patients with ADPKD. Method We analyzed data from the DIPAK cohort, a prospective observational cohort study that included 670 patients with ADPKD. Beta-hydroxybutyrate was measured at baseline using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We excluded participants with type 2 diabetes, who used disease-modifying drugs (e.g., tolvaptan, somatostatin analogs), were not fasting, or had missing beta-hydroxybutyrate, leaving 521 participants for the analyses. Linear regression analyses were used to study cross-sectional associations and linear mixed-effect modeling for longitudinal associations. Results The median concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate was 94 (IQR 68–147) μmol/L. Of the participants, 61% were female, the mean age was 47.3 ± 11.8 years, and the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 63.3 ± 28.9 mL/min/1.73 m2. Cross-sectionally, beta-hydroxybutyrate was neither associated with eGFR nor with kidney volume. Longitudinally, beta-hydroxybutyrate was positively associated with the eGFR slope (B = 0.37 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.62), p = 0.005) but not with kidney growth. After adjustment for potential confounders, every doubling in beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration reduced the annual rate of eGFR loss by 0.34 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.58, p = 0.005) ml/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion These analyses support the hypothesis that raising the beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration, one of the ketone bodies, reduces the rate of kidney function decline in patients with ADPKD.