Abstract
Latent infection of Blackberry yellow-vein associated virus (BYVaV) in `Chickasaw' blackberry has been reported. However, plants with characteristic leaf symptoms, such as vein yellowing, chlorotic mottling, and oak-leaf patterns, have tested positive for BYVaV using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Experiments were initiated to determine if the symptoms expressed in BYVaV infected `Chickasaw' were caused by mixed virus infections. BYVaV, a recently identified crinivirus, was evaluated for synergistic interactions with Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), and Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV). `Chickasaw' blackberry plants infected with BYVaV (single infection) were used as receptor plants to establish mixed virus infections with TRSV and ToRSV transmitted by nematodes and RBDV transmitted by bottle grafts. Characteristic symptoms of multi-virus infection will be presented and discussed.
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