364 Comparison of Semi-Confined and Pasture-Based Fall Calving Beef cow Systems

Abstract

Abstract Conversion of perennial grasslands to crop land in U.S. Northern Plains has resulted in a need to evaluate alternative management strategies for cow-calf production. A 3-yr study was conducted to compare beef cow/calf performance in two different August-calving cow systems. Multiparous beef cows (n = 318) were allocated to 8 replicates, and replicate was randomly assigned to drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST) treatments. From mid-gestation (March/April) until breeding (October), DL cows were limit-fed to meet requirements and PAST cow grazed perennial pasture. Feed resource during the 47-d breeding period (November/December) varied by year and treatment. However, pregnancy rates did not differ (P=0.72) between treatments within year. Both treatments went to corn residue at the time of weaning (late January) and grazed for 37 d. A treatment × year × time interaction (P<0.01) was observed for cow BW, BCS, and calf BW. In Year 1, cow BCS at pre-calving, breeding, and weaning was less (P<0.01) for DL (5.3) than PAST (6.2; 1 to 9 scale). Weaning weights in Year 1 were less (P<0.05) for DL (178 kg) than PAST (183 kg) calves. In Year 2, cow BCS was less (P<0.01) in DL (6.1) than PAST (6.7) at pre-calving and breeding, but did not differ (P=0.12) at weaning. At weaning in Year 2, calf BW of DL (212 kg) was greater (P<0.01) than PAST (201 kg). Like Year 2, DL cows in Year 3 had decreased (P<0.01) BCS at pre-calving compared with PAST (7.3 vs. 7.7). However, breeding BCS (6.8) did not differ (P=0.98). In Year 3, cow BCS at weaning was greater (P<0.01) for DL (7.1) than PAST (5.9) but calf BW at weaning did not differ (P=0.17). Cow and calf performance are not sacrificed in semi-confined cow-calf systems and are a reasonable alternative to traditional pasture systems.