360°tabletop floating integral imaging based on spatiotemporal perspective-oriented projecting

Abstract

Traditional integral imaging (InIm) display fails to effectively support practical 360°tabletop three-dimensional (3D) display, although this method is commonly used as the ideal wall 3D display to exhibit realistic 3D image with correct geometric occlusion. The reason is that the distribution of the viewing zone is omnidirectional, and finite recovered 3D spatial information distributed in the viewing area right above the screen is fully wasted when the traditional InIm display is used as the tabletop display. To address this issue, a 360°tabletop floating InIm display with cylinder-typed viewing zone, instead of the omnidirectional viewing zone, is demonstrated with high utilization rate of the recovered 3D spatial information. A point light source array (PLSA) based integral imaging using the aberration-suppressed biconvex aspheric lens array (BALA) and the directional collimated backlight (DC-BL) is presented and configured to realize the perspective-oriented projecting with a large viewing angle. Meanwhile, the cylinder-typed viewing zone is formed by implementing perspective-oriented projecting with spatiotemporal multiplexing by the use of FGPA and rotating mechanism. Additionally, a novel spatial coding method for 3D light field reconstruction is proposed to guarantee the right spatial perception and occlusion effect with full smooth parallax property within the whole viewing zone. In the experiment, the proposed tabletop display prototype using a 12.5-inch high frame-rate LCD panel with the resolution of 1920 × 1080 presents natural tabletop 3D images with 79 × 79 viewpoints and clear floating focus depth of 18 cm in 360°cylinder-typed viewing zone.