Abstract
This chapter focuses on Kluyveromyces genus and its member species. Asexual reproduction in this genus occurs through multilateral budding on a narrow base. The cells are ovoidal, ellipsoidal, cylindrical to elongate and pseudomycelium may be formed, although true hyphae are not produced. The ascospores are smooth, reniform, bacilliform, ellipsoidal, or spheroidal, which tend to agglutinate after liberation. Glucose is fermented vigorously and nitrate is not assimilated. The member species of this genus include Kluyveromyces aestuarii, Kluyveromyces africanus, Kluyveromyces bacillisporus, Kluyveromyces blattae, Kluyveromyces delphensis, and Kluyveromyces dobzhanskii. One to four spheroidal to ellipsoidal ascospores with central refringent globules are formed in Kluyveromyces aestuarii. Conjugation between cells of the same culture or between bud and parent-cell usually precedes ascus formation. In case of Kluyveromyces africanus, asci arise directly from diploid cells. One to 16 or more oblong or reniform ascospores are formed and the spores are liberated from the ascus soon after formation and tend to agglutinate. Asci are formed on YM or malt extract agar after 2–5 days at 17–25° C, but mature ascospores are rarely observed.
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