Abstract
The term “caisson” is normally used to identify large bored concrete piles. Caissons are constructed by drilling a hole in the ground and filling it with concrete. This chapter opens up with brief history of Caissons. Early excavations were constructed using steel rings and timber lagging. With time, hand digging was replaced by machine digging. Due to the uncertainties of the soil parameters such as cohesion and friction angle, a factor of safety should be included. The factor of safety of a caisson affects the economy of a caisson significantly. A lower factor of safety value would result in a much more economical design. The procedure for selection of safety factor is explained. For the skin friction to mobilize, there must be a slight relative movement between the caisson and the surrounding soil. A method proposed by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) for caisson design in clay soils is described. Belled caissons are used to increase the end bearing capacity.
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