Abstract
Background: The PD-1/PD-L1 molecular pathway is one of the primary mechanisms of immune evasion deployed by cancer cells and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) restore T-cell proliferation and enhanced tumor cell killing which has been shown to result in clinically revolutionary efficacy in many tumor types. Unfortunately, this is not the case in CNS tumors where these mAbs have failed to show improved responses and survival. It appears that one of the main reasons for this is the poor brain penetrance of these mAbs and clinical evidence suggests that increasing brain penetrance results in better efficacy.
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