3·1운동을 전후한 1910년대 식민지조선을 둘러싼 일본의 정치과정 연구 -입헌 정우회와 하라 다카시(原敬)를 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper explores the political process of Japanese colonial rule of Korea from Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty to the period of the March 1st movement in 1919. In the politics of the 1910s Japan, there were Hanbatu(藩閥:the old oligarchic group) and political party forces in a political rivalry. The two groups had repeatedly maintained exclusive and compromising relations. During the annexation of Korea in 1910, the Hanbatu succeeded to enact The Colonial Regulations(seirei, 制令) including the despotic territorial powers with the military governor-general. Taisho Democracy created new political situation in which the power of political parties such as the Seiyukai expanded. After the rice riot, the Hara Cabinet replaced Hanbatu politically. Under such a turnover of power, the movement to appoint the governor of colonial Joseon as the military officers was embodied. With the March 1st movement in 1919 and the reform policy of the Hara Cabinet, the governor of colonial Joseon was appointed as civilian officers as well as military officers. Prime Minister Hara expanded political party force base for colonial Joseon and also laid the foundations for 1920’s colonial Joseon governance through the exercise of authority over human resources under the influence of the Seiyukai. The shift of dominant forces of colonial Joseon from a military to a bureaucratic was also a factor that strengthened the relationship between Japanese and colonial Joseon’s politics.