Abstract
Evaluation of association of eating patterns with diabetes kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was performed. Cross-sectionally, T2DM patients underwent clinical, laboratory, and nutritional assessments. Dietary information was evaluated by a quantitative food frequency questionnaire validated for diabetes and converted into daily intakes. The eating patterns were identified by cluster analysis. DKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73m2 and persistently elevated urinary albumin excretion (≥14 mg/dL). A chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA/Bonferroni’s post hoc test) and Kruskal-Wallis test (Bonferroni post hoc correction) were used to test differences across the eating patterns. Poisson regression analysis was used to investigate the associations between eating patterns and DKD. IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 (p<0.05). A total of 329 T2DM patients were evaluated: 10 years (5-19) diabetes duration; HbA1c=8.7±2.0%; 62±10 years old; BMI=30.9±4.2kg/m². Four eating patterns were identified: (1) high intake of dairy products, fruits, and vegetables; (2) ultra-processed foods; (3) high intake of refined carbohydrates, processed meats, and solids fats; and (4) high intake of red meat and sugary beverages. Age, sex, sedentary lifestyle, maximum doses of anti-glycemic agent in addition to fasting plasma glucose levels were different among the patterns. Poisson regression models confirmed the association of Pattern 2 (PR=1.48; 95% CI=1.10-1.99; P=0.010) and Pattern 4 (PR=1.93; 95% CI=1.29-2.89; P=0.001) with presence of DKD after adjusting for confounders. In conclusion, eating patterns with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods or red meat and sugary beverages were associated with the presence of DKD when compared to patterns rich in dairy products, fruits, and vegetables in this sample of T2DM outpatients. Disclosure C. C. R. Rodrigues: None. B. P. Riboldi: None. T. C. Rodrigues: None. R. A. Sarmento: None. J. P. Antonio: None. R. A. Borba: None. A. P. Vieira: None. I. S. Pasini: None. J. C. De almeida: None.
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