302. Role of Inflammatory Markers in Diagnosing Diabetic Foot Infection: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) cause significant morbidity and put great economic burden on patient and healthcare facilities. Infection is the main driving force behind admissions related to DFU. Culture of soft tissue or bone is invaluable in diagnosing infection but is time consuming. Inflammatory markers including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) are rapid, simple, and inexpensive laboratory tests that can aid in early diagnosis of diabetic foot infection (DFI) and monitor response to treatment. We did a meta-analysis to compare diagnostic performance of inflammatory markers for detecting DFI.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from their inception to December 2017. This meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We included studies based on following inclusion criteria: (1) at least one of the biomarkers (ESR, CRP, PCT) was evaluated; (2) both sensitivity and specificity were measured as outcomes; and (3) sufficient data were available to construct 2 × 2 contingency table. We used bivariate random effect regression model to pool the sensitivity and specificity of the targeted biomarkers.ResultsA comprehensive literature search identified a total of 73 studies. Twelve studies met our inclusion criteria. Number of studies reporting data on each individual biomarker was as follows: 11 for ESR, seven for CRP, and five for PCT. Pooled sensitivity and specificity for ESR were calculated to be 0.84 (95% CI 0.76–0.89) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.73–0.89) with area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.92). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for CRP were found to be 0.64 (95% CI 0.46–0.80) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.75–0.93) with AUROC of 0.85 (95% CI0.82–0.88). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for PCT were 0.74 (95% CI 0.62–0.83) with AUROC of 0.84 (95% CI 0.81–0.87).ConclusionESR could be beneficial in ruling out infection in persons who have low suspicion of disease. For those who have high suspicion of disease, PCT could be helpful in ruling in infection. Clinicians should avoid ordering both ESR and CRP because role of CRP is limited. All inflammatory markers need standardization of threshold levels for detecting infection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.