300-GHz-Band Four-Element CMOS-InP Hybrid Phased-Array Transmitter With 36circ Steering Range

Abstract

This letter presents a 300-GHz-band four-element phased-array transmitter (TX) consisting of two types of chips, CMOS and InP HBT, to achieve a high equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) and wide beam coverage. The CMOS chips include mixers and control circuits for the phased-array operation and the InP HBT chips include 300-GHz-band power amplifiers (PAs) and Antipodal Vivaldi on-chip antennas. The two types of chips are connected in a flip-chip-on-chip fashion to reduce losses. A method utilizing grating lobes is devised to overcome the limited main lobe steering range. The fabricated TX achieves a maximum EIRP of 8.4 dBm with a steering range of 36 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> , which is the widest among the 300-GHz-band TXs that can handle a high modulation order. The TX also demonstrates the first-ever wireless data transmission with beam steering in the 300-GHz band and achieves a maximum data rate of 30 Gb/s over a 50-cm distance.