Abstract
According to recent population-based studies, approximately 0.3 to one percent of the population in the United States identifies as transgender or gender nonconforming. Transgender is an umbrella term that refers to individuals whose gender identity and expression may differ from their sex assigned at birth. Transgender adolescents are at high risk for poor physical and mental health outcomes, including high rates of human immunodeficiency virus infection, depression, anxiety, and suicide attempts. These health risks are attributed to the discrimination and isolation frequently reported by transgender individuals. Recently, interdisciplinary models of care have been developed to provide medical and psychosocial support for gender-nonconforming youth. This presentation will review key concepts, including distinguishing between gender identity and sexuality, diagnosis of gender dysphoria, and medical options for treatment, including puberty blockers and cross-gender hormones, as well as gender-affirming surgical procedures.
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