Abstract
Biodiesel, a form of ecofriendly fuel has brought a solution to some problems associated with conventional petroleum diesel. This chapter reviews the choice of feedstocks, a method of oil extraction and production techniques as important determinants of the success of ecofuel synthesis. The review shows that nonedible oils seem to have more prospect than edible oils and animal fats. Extraction process plays a great role in obtaining oil from feedstocks. Among the extraction methods obtainable, supercritical fluid extraction seems the most viable. As raw extracted oil cannot be used as biodiesel without further processing, production techniques were discussed. Oils with high mono-unsaturated fatty acids favor higher yield of biodiesel. The associated challenges with accessibility to feedstock on a commercial scale, extraction of oil from the feedstocks and production of biodiesel from extracted oil were considered. Likewise, higher free fatty acid (FFA) content leads to higher cost of production and less biodiesel yield.
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