Abstract
We simulate the 3+1 D classical Yang-Mills dynamics of the collisions of longitudinally extended nuclei, described by eikonal color charges in the Color Glass Condensate framework. By varying the longitudinal thickness of the colliding nuclei, we discuss the violations of boost invariance and explore how the boost invariant high-energy limit is approached. Subsequently, we develop a more realistic model of the three dimensional color charge distributions that connects longitudinal and transverse fluctuations to the $x$ and $k_\bot$ dependence of transverse momentum dependent parton distributions, and explore the resulting rapidity profiles and their longitudinal fluctuations.
Highlights
High-energy heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider produce a deconfined Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), whose space-time dynamics is well described by relativistic viscous hydrodynamics [1,2]
The color glass condensate (CGC) effective theory of high-energy QCD [3,4] provides a framework to study the earliest stages of the collision which encompasses the description of dense colliding nuclei prior to the collision and their initial energy deposition [5,6]
We developed a framework to perform 3 þ 1D simulations of initial energy deposition in heavy-ion collision based on the effective theory of CGC, which takes the finite longitudinal extent of the colliding nuclei into account
Summary
High-energy heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider produce a deconfined Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), whose space-time dynamics is well described by relativistic viscous hydrodynamics [1,2]. Based on the CGC effective description of high-energy QCD, the initial state energy deposition and early time dynamics in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can be described semiclassically by solving classical Yang-Mills equations of motion for the gluon fields Aμ in the presence of fluctuating color charges ρ, which characterize the nuclear parton content. We explain how to generalize this setup to simulate the collision of nuclei with a finite longitudinal thickness in 3 þ 1D collisions, where, in contrast to the boost-invariant high-energy limit, the entire space-time dynamics of the collision has to be simulated numerically, including the explicit evolution of color charges before, during, and after the collision
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