Abstract
The construction process of a bored tunnel is a complicated process. During tunnelling, loads were acting on the tunnel, hence to support the excavation process, the tunnel lining was installed. Soil stress was redistributed, the surface and subsurface soil settlement behaviour were hard to predict prior to the tunnel advance. In previous, various method was used to investigate the main parameters that effect the subsurface settlements which later can help to predict the surface settlements. In this paper, a numerical modelling was carried out to analyse the subsurface behaviour for certain soil parameters in exist of tunnel segments, grouting layer and shield layer. The subsurface measurements were conducted above the tunnel crown by 2, 4, and 6 m and it is found that the pattern of sub-surface settlement varied based on the soil properties, respectively to the surface settlement.
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