제3세계 운동의 기원으로서 한국전쟁 - 버마의 우 누의 중립주의를 연결고리로

Abstract

South Korea’s historical and social science scholarship has recently taken strong interests in the inception and development of the Third World movement. The growth of this research interest is closely tied to the end of the global Cold War order and Korea’s unique place in this historical process. It involves probing reflections on why the two states of the Korean peninsula, especially that in the southern half, were not part of the early Third World movement. This essay argues that although these state actors were outsiders to this formative internationalist movement of the mid-twentieth century in its early days, their experience of the era, notably that of the Korean War, was not. Focusing on the Bandung Conference of 1955 and the role of U Nu, the Burmese leader and strong advocate of neutralist politics, in it, the essay asks how the civil war crisis in Korea became a crucial background for the advent of the Non-aligned Movement and the rise of the Third World more broadly.