2-Naphthalenthiol derivatization followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction as an efficient and sensitive method for determination of acrylamide in bread and biscuit samples using high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

In this research, an ultrasonic-assisted extraction followed by 2-naphthalenthiol derivatization and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of acrylamide (AA) was developed as simple and sensitive sample preparation method for AA in bread and biscuit samples using high performance liquid chromatography. Influence of derivatization and microextraction parameters were evaluated and optimized. Results showed that the derivatization of AA leads to improve its hydrophobicity and chromatographic behavior. Under optimum conditions of derivatization and microextraction, the method yielded a linear calibration curve ranging from 10 to 1000 μg L−1 with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9987. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 3.0 and 9.0 μg L−1, respectively. Intra-day (n = 6) and inter-day (n = 3) precisions based on relative standard deviation percent (RSD%) for extraction and determination of AA at 50 and 500 μg L−1 levels were less than 9.0%. Finally, the performance of proposed method was investigated for determination of AA in some bread and biscuit samples, and satisfactory results were obtained (relative recovery ≥ 90%).