2D to 3D convertible terahertz chiral metamaterial with integrated pneumatic actuator.

Abstract

Aiming to achieve real 3D chiral metamaterial structure, a new strategy is proposed. During which a 2D to 3D conversion mechanism based on integrated pneumatic actuator is used to provide a relatively simple yet effective process solution. With this concept, only the lithography-based planar process is required, and a symmetric tuning capability over the shape of the 3D chiral metamaterial as well as its chirality both can be achieved through controlling the applied pressure. At the same time, the resultant optical activity and circular dichroism associated with this tunable 3D chiral metamaterial are also studied and exciting characteristics demonstrating enantiomeric symmetry have been successfully obtained as well.