Abstract
Lack of access to potable and adequate water is a major problem for sustainable development in northern Ghana. Developing groundwater resource is the best option for safe, reliable, and cost-efficient water supplies to these dispersed communities. In this study, nine 2D ERI profiles were carried out with the Schlumberger array in eight communities underlain by the crystalline basement rocks in the Bole District of the Savannah Region of Ghana. The aim was to delineate the aquifer zones and select points for groundwater extraction. Nine boreholes were drilled from the selected points. The yield was found to vary from 12 to 180 l/min with a depth range of 50 to 70 m. The weathered and fractured zones together with the bedrock topography were clearly marked. It is evident that the 2D electrical resistivity technique is useful tool in determining the availability of groundwater in weathered and fractured crystalline environment.
Highlights
The demand for water for domestic, industrial, and agricultural use the world over continues to increase due to increase in population size
Critical relevant information gathered include amongst several other types of geophysical methods that had been used in borehole drilling site selection, success rates, drill depths, borehole yields, aquifer transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, specific capacity and sustainability of established boreholes
The electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) has provided a detailed electrical resistivity distribution and this has led to the delineation of the subsurface features and a better understanding of the geology of the Bole District
Summary
The demand for water for domestic, industrial, and agricultural use the world over continues to increase due to increase in population size. The irony is that most of these surface water bodies are severely contaminated from agricultural, illegal mining, and other anthropogenic activities. The use of such water poses a major health threat to people thereby affecting their overall contribution to a country’s GDP. Water is a basic necessity to livelihood. It covers about two-third of land space available in the world (Gleick, 1993)
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