稀疏均匀非同心电磁矢量阵列的2D-DOA与极化联合估计

Abstract

In this paper, a sparse uniform rectangular array of spatially non-collocating electromagnetic vector sensors is proposed. And a two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) and polarization estimation algorithm for the array is proposed. First, the rotational invariance of the sparse uniform rectangular array is utilized to yield cyclically aliasing 2D-DOA estimation. Then we propose a simple non-aliasing 2D-DOA estimation algorithm with the spatially non-collocating electromagnetic vector sensor to solve the cyclically aliasing. And then the nonaliasing high accuracy 2D-DOA and polarization estimation is obtained by some triangular operations. Finally, the closed-form Cramer-Rao bound of the multiple parameters estimation is derived. The sparse configuration of the proposed array is capable of extending array aperture without increasing the number of sensors and the hardware complexity. The proposed array can also obtain the polarization diversity offered by electromagnetic vector sensor. The two factors can improve the 2D-DOA estimation accuracy greatly. In addition, the proposed algorithm provides the automatic pairing between the 2D-DOA and polarization parameters. And it is more important is that the proposed array consists of spatially non-collocating electromagnetic vector sensors, which can solve the problems of serious mutual coupling and difficult hardware design, yielded by spatially collocating electromagnetic vector sensor. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed multiple parameters estimation algorithm.