Abstract
A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (2D CFD) simulation of a low-speed two-stroke marine engine simulation was performed in order to investigate the performance of 2D meshes that allow the use of more complex chemical schemes and pollutant formation analysis. Various mesh density simulations were compared with a 3D mesh simulation and with the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure. A heavy fuel model and a soot model were implemented in the software. Finally, the influences of three water injection strategies were simulated and evaluated in order to investigate the capability of the model and the influence of water injection on NOx formation, soot formation, and engine performance. We conclude that the direct water injection strategy reduces NOx emissions without adversely affecting the engine performance or soot emissions. The other two strategies—Intake air humidification and direct injection of fuel–water emulsion—reduced NOx emissions but at the cost of higher soot emissions or reduced engine performance.
Highlights
The growing global trade is supported by a great ship traffic of goods, which relies mostly on diesel engine propulsion
In contrast to all other studies, the present article uses a 2D CFD approach to simulate the processes in a large marine, two-stroke diesel engine, and the focus is on the influence of water injection strategies on NOx and soot formation
It can be seen that humidified air reduced the pressure achieved in the cylinder, meaning that scavenge air humidification had a negative impact on engine power and efficiency
Summary
The growing global trade is supported by a great ship traffic of goods, which relies mostly on diesel engine propulsion. Numerical simulations are often used to analyze the complex influences of the described emission reduction strategies offered by the latest generation of slow-speed marine diesel engines. 3D simulations are supposed to divide the cylinder into a great number of smaller elements, and analyze physical and chemical phenomena locally [16] This allows a better insight to be gained into the influence of the previously described strategies on NOx and soot formation. In contrast to all other studies, the present article uses a 2D CFD approach to simulate the processes in a large marine, two-stroke diesel engine, and the focus is on the influence of water injection strategies on NOx and soot formation. In the scientific and professional literature, the authors did not find similar research on water injection strategies applied in a large marine two-stroke diesel engine
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