Abstract
Decisions on techniques used to treat structural heart disease has evolved rapidly, especially in the areas of surgery and noninvasive interventional cardiology. The need for accurate and detailed imaging of these structures has made the roles of cardiac sonographers very dynamic. In order to provide valuable information, which is used in surgical or interventional planning, cardiac sonographers perform a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). However, classifying the severity of regurgitation could be challenging as cardiac structures are three-dimensional (3D), yet most imaging is performed with two-dimensional (2D) modalities. Specifically, in cases where there is a reduction in the functioning of left ventricular (LV), relying only on a single-plane 2D image has limitations and could drastically underestimate the severity of regurgitation. With guidance, newer clinical applications, such as 3D imaging, allows capturing of accurate and reproducible quantitation.
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