Abstract
In the present study, we aim to understand the implications of transforming growth factor β1 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the resistance of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cells to photodynamic therapy (PDT), as well as the effects of the combination of PDT with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). PDT is widely used for the treatment of cSCC, and it involves the combination of visible light, molecular oxygen and a photoactive compound (photosensitizer), leading to cell death owing to the generation of reactive oxygen species.
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