Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter describes a needle-type glucose sensor measuring hydrogen peroxide. This sensor does not need a reference oxygen sensor and the sensor output is not affected by fluctuations in oxygen tension. The experimental methods for the preparation of a needle-type hydrogen peroxide electrode and coating with immobilized glucose oxidase membrane are discussed. The in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the glucose sensor are also discussed. The characteristics of the sensor are tested in 0.9% NaCl solution containing 7% (w/v) bovine albumin with varying glucose concentrations in a temperature-, flow rate-, and oxygen tension-controllable chamber. The output current of the sensor is calibrated initially after a stabilization period of at least 10 min. The application of the needle-type glucose sensor has taken two paths. The first has been the application in a blood glucose monitoring system. The sensor can measure glucose concentration in discretely obtained whole blood, and it can monitor glucose concentrations on a nonvascular basis by measuring subcutaneous tissue glucose concentrations. The second has been the application to a closed-loop glycemic control system.
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