Abstract
Publisher Summary Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (CA4H) catalyzes the conversion of trans-cinnamic acid to trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid. This is the second reaction, and the first oxidative step, in the general phenylpropanoid pathway, which is common to all plants. Phenylpropanoids, and their derivatives, constitute an extremely diversified family of molecules with important biological functions or activities: precursors for lignin and suberin, pigments, aroma, defense molecules (phytoalexins), antioxidants, and UV protectants. The major difference between CA4H and most other plant P450s that are involved in species specific reactions is that CA4H is present in all plants and in almost all tissues. Assaying CA4H is therefore a way to ascertain that microsomal preparations contain intact and active P450 electron transfer chains, and provides a sort of internal standard when extraction conditions are modified. The chapter discuses (1) the nature of the enzyme source (plant species and type of tissue), (2) induction of CA4H activity, (3) preparation of microsomes, and (4) two reliable and simple assays.
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