27 ULTRASOUND, SPOT TEST, BLADDER LEAKAGE CAPACITY, AND TIME TO LEAKAGE TO DETERMINE THE FUNCTIONAL ALTERATION IN DIFFERENT RAT MODELS OF STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyUrodynamics/Incontinence/Female Urology: Basic Research (1)1 Apr 201327 ULTRASOUND, SPOT TEST, BLADDER LEAKAGE CAPACITY, AND TIME TO LEAKAGE TO DETERMINE THE FUNCTIONAL ALTERATION IN DIFFERENT RAT MODELS OF STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE Lukman Hakim, Masayuki Endo, Andrew Feola, Pieter Uvin, Doddy M. Soebadi, Jan Deprest, Dirk De Ridder, Maarten Albersen, and Frank Van der Aa Lukman HakimLukman Hakim Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Masayuki EndoMasayuki Endo Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Andrew FeolaAndrew Feola Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Pieter UvinPieter Uvin Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Doddy M. SoebadiDoddy M. Soebadi Surabaya, Indonesia More articles by this author , Jan DeprestJan Deprest Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Dirk De RidderDirk De Ridder Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , Maarten AlbersenMaarten Albersen Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author , and Frank Van der AaFrank Van der Aa Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.1402AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES We have previously shown the usability of micro-ultrasound (US) to determine morphological and functional changes in the vaginal dilation (VD) rat model. In this study, we compare the usability of US, bladder leakage capacity (BLC), time to leakage (TtL), and spot test (ST) with leak point pressure (LPP) as functional parameters to determine functional alteration in different rat models of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS Twenty female nulliparous Sprague-Dawley rats of 12 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: 1) uninjured (S; n=6), 2) VD (n=7), and 3) PNI (n=7). Vaginal balloon dilation was performed as previously described. The PNI group underwent transection of both pudendal and iliococcygeus nerves with a combined ventro-dorsal approach. Four days after the injury, rats underwent ST using a chromatographic-filter paper located beneath their grilled-cage. The number of urine spots were calculated under the illumination of ultraviolet light and followed by bladder catheter implantation. A day later, the manual-LPP measurements were performed under urethane (1.2g/kg). All groups underwent US (Visualsonics Vevo 2100, 18-38 mHz) examination to assess the bladder neck and urethra during bladder filling (60 ml/hour) and voiding. The presence, absence and pattern of intraluminal pressure high frequency oscillations (IPHFOs) during the voiding phase were registered. The maximum bladder capacity (ml) and the time needed for urine to leak (sec) from the external urethral meatus were also registered. RESULTS The LPP in the VD (32.42 ± 2.62 cmH2O) and PNI group (34.61 ± 1.74 cmH2O) were significantly lower than S animals (48.13 ± 3.92 cmH2O; P < 0.01). Our US showed the presence of IPHFOs in the S and PNI groups, which was absent in the VD group. The PNI rats showed various patterns of urethral sphincter contraction within an inconsistent interval, while this activity was rhytmic in the S group. Moreover, PNI rats showed a significantly higher number of urine spots than VD and S group (mean 19.7 ± 3.5, 7.5 ± 1.8, and 4.9 ± 1.2 respectively; p = 0.04). No significant differences of BLC and TtL were found between the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS Similar to other studies using the LPP measurement, we have shown that VD and PNI could simulate SUI in rats. We also showed that US imaging and spot testing are objective parameters that can be determined next to LPP in rat models of SUI. Furthermore, these two novel modalities revealed differences in between SIU models that could not be detected by LPP testing alone. © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 4SApril 2013Page: e10-e11 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Lukman Hakim Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Masayuki Endo Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Andrew Feola Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Pieter Uvin Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Doddy M. Soebadi Surabaya, Indonesia More articles by this author Jan Deprest Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Dirk De Ridder Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Maarten Albersen Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Frank Van der Aa Leuven, Belgium More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...