Abstract
This chapter derives the expressions for the pivotal functions, the entropy production function, and the energy retention function, in a simultaneous flow of matter and of heat at constant volume, i.e., in thermal diffusion. This requires the introduction of two new vectors, the first expressing the heat flux, the second the mass-action flux. Then the phenomenological equations are established in simultaneous heat and matter flow and the Dufour and the Soret effects from the phenomenological cross coefficients are defined. Finally, heat flux to Fourier's law of heat conduction, and the mass-action flux to Fick's first law of diffusion are related.
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