Abstract
Clinical fMRI use in children primarily is used to assess eloquent brain regions before surgery relating to lesions or epilepsy. Clinical fMRI in children requires special preparation and resources, as well as developmentally appropriate fMRI paradigms. Somatosensory and language assessments are the most commonly performed fMRI examinations in clinical patients. Standardization of fMRI paradigms and interpretation, as well as better validation and outcome studies, are needed in pediatric patients. Newer techniques such as resting state fMRI hold promise to expand clinical fMRI applications to children who currently are unable to perform task-directed fMRI examinations.
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