Abstract
The underwater shock waves were observed by a holographic interferometry using a holographic ruby laser(single or double exposure). The lead azide pellet (4-10 mg) was exploded by radiating with a Q-switched ruby laser. The focusing was conducted by a pseudo-ellipsoidal reflector.The extracted human calculi and model calculi (activated alumina) of 6 mm in diameter were easily disintegrated by the focusing by one explosion. An experiment on the transmission of shock waves through a pig fatty tissue of 20 mm in thickness was also studied. It was shown that the transmission. shock waves did not affected the shock wave focusing.The results indicate that the explosive materials are applicable in the extracorporeal stone disintegration. This method has advantages when compared with the high voltage sparks at the point of ideal pressure profile of shock wave to disintegrate stones. Furtheremore, it will be safer because it will eliminate the necessity of high voltage and the use of sophisticated electrical devices. We are now studying its safety in animal experiments for future clinical application.
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