#2590 Electrolyte abnormalities in HIV patients with CKD

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Individuals with HIV infection and CKD are prone to various water & electrolyte disorders with previous studies showing prevalence of 70%. Many of these disturbances remain clinically silent until they reach an advanced stage, emphasizing the need for a high level of clinical suspicion and awareness, as they contribute to both morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of CKD in HIV patients has been increasing, yet data on electrolyte disturbances is sparse. The study we conducted aims to determine electrolyte imbalances in this population. Method Prospective observational single center study for a period of 2 years including HIV seropositive patients >18 years of age who were screened for CKD as per KDIGO definition (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or significant proteinuria > 300 mg/day for more than 3 months). Demographic features, laboratory investigations for serum electrolytes including Sodium, Potassium, Phosphorous & Calcium levels were done at baseline with follow up at 3, 6 & 12 months. Results Out of 695 HIV patients screened, 56 who had CKD were included in our study. The average age was 53.8 ± 11.3 years, including 41 males (73.2%). Median creatinine at baseline was 1 (1.3) mg/dL, & median eGFR was 59 (24.82) ml/min/1.73 m2 (Table 1). Commonest abnormality at baseline was hyponatremia (53.6%), and only 8.9% had severe hyponatremia (<125 mmol/L). Other abnormalities prevalent were hypocalcemia (35.7%) and hypophosphatemia (46.4%). Follow up details are presented in Table 2. Conclusion CKD was prevalent in 56 (8%) of our patients. Dyselectrolytemias were seen in 91% of study population. Hyponatremia (89.2%) was the commonest electrolyte imbalance followed by Hypophosphatemia (62.5%) & Hypocalcemia (57.1%). Notably, our study identified a significantly higher incidence of hypocalcemia, and hypophosphatemia compared to other studies.