Abstract
Purpose: While adolescence can be a difficult developmental period for all children, negative environmental forces and risk factors make this period particularly risky for many inner-city African American males. These youth disproportionately experience poor outcomes such as exposure to violence and violence-related injuries. The Invested Communities for Our Boys (iCOB) project is utilizing the Communities that Care (CTC) (Hawkins, Catalano, et al., 2008) framework to identify risk and protective factors among middle school African American males prior to the implementation of an evidence-based prevention program. To gauge the potential effectiveness of an intervention addressing family attachment on youth risk behaviors, this study examined peer/individual risk factors and their relationship with family attachment for this population.
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