#2515 GENDER DIFFERENCES IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION: A 10-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease represents a world-wide health problem, affecting approximately 195 million women around the world. Risk of development of chronic kidney disease is greater in women in comparison to men. Method We retrospectively analysed cohort of 1457 patients after kidney transplantation from all transplant centres in Slovakia over period of ten years from 2010 – 2020. Parameters taken into account were cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), outcome of transplantation in a context of differences between the genders. Results Out of 1,457 patients, 557 (517 primary transplantation) were women, 900 (831) men. Primary causes leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in female recipients where we observed a statistically significant difference between genders were tubulointerstitial nephritis (32.1% in females vs. 22.3% in males, p<0.0001), autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (17.6% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.0013), and systemic lupus erythematosus (2.3% vs. 0.2%, P = .0001). In male recipients native kidneys were more frequently affected by glomerulonephritis (38% vs. 25.7%, p<0.0001), nephropathy as a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (7.8% vs. 4.1%, p<0.0001), and IgA nephropathy (2.9% vs. 1.1%, P = .0232). There were no statistically significant gender differences in other causes of ESRD. However, there was no significant difference in time spent on dialysis between female and male recipients (39.4 ± 39 months vs. 35.8 ± 33.2 months, p>0.05), female recipients waited for a kidney transplant significantly longer (32.9 ± 27.4 months vs. 39.4 ± 31.5 months, p<0.0001). Overall death-censored graft survival rates in our cohort in female and male recipients were after 12 months 91.2% vs. 93.1%, p=NS, 5 years 80.7% vs. 82.6%, p=NS, and 10 years 60% vs. 66.7%, p=NS (Fig. 1). After 12 months, 5 and 10 years, the overall patient survival rates among female vs. male recipients were 96.8% vs. 97.1%, p=NS; 89.9% vs. 88.9%, p=NS; and 72.9% vs. 76%, p=NS (Fig. 2), respectively. Conclusion Despite comparable patient and graft survival rates in male and female recipients in our study, there are other studies showing that gender, as well as gender mismatch significantly influence outcomes of transplantation.