Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides and proteins, including antiviral proteins (AVPs) as innate defense against various pathogens. We made the novel observation that distinct genes encoding innate AVPs are transcriptionally activated upon calcium-induced epidermal differentiation of primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). The AVPs include, but are not limited to, members of oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) family, myxovirus resistance proteins (MX), interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT), interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1), interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), and guanylate-binding proteins (GBP) (p < 0.05).
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