Abstract
Children and youth are recommended to achieve at least 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no more than 2 h/day of recreational screen time, and a sleep duration of 9–11 h/night for 11–13-year-olds or 8–10 h/night for 14–17-year-olds. Meeting the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration recommendations have previously been associated with substance use among adolescents. However, previous research has mainly examined these factors individually rather than looking at how these indicators could concurrently relate to substance use in this age group. Therefore, this study examined the associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines for screen time, sleep duration, and physical activity (independent variables) with substance use outcomes including alcohol consumption, cannabis use, and cigarette smoking (dependent variables) among adolescents. Self-reported data from a cross-sectional and representative sample of 10,236 students (mean age = 15.1 years) in Ontario, Canada were analyzed. Logistic regression models stratified by gender were adjusted for potential confounders. Combinations of 24-h movement guidelines was differentially associated with substance use in boys and girls. Overall, findings showed that meeting 24-h movement guidelines is associated with lower odds of alcohol consumption, cannabis use, and cigarette smoking differentially with type of recommendation met and gender. Given that the associations between 24-h movement guidelines and substance use differ between boys and girls, future efforts should take this into consideration.
Highlights
IntroductionSubstance use in adolescence is a major public health problem around the world
Boys were more likely than girls to meet the physical activity recommendation only (p < 0.001), whereas girls were more likely than boys to meet the screen time recommendation only (p < 0.001)
Contrary to our hypothesis that adherence to the Canadian 24-h movement guidelines would be associated with reduced substance use among adolescents, among boys and younger adolescents as they are more likely than girls to meet all three recommendations, we observed that meeting all three guideline recommendations was associated with lower odds of cannabis use in girls only
Summary
Substance use in adolescence is a major public health problem around the world. It is often initiated in adolescence and continues into adulthood [1]. Alcohol, and cannabis are among the substances commonly misused by adolescents [1]. Smoking is a preventable cause of illness and death [2]. It is associated with a higher risk of several cancers, respiratory diseases, heart disease, and strokes.
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