Abstract
This chapter focuses on the control of blood cell differentiation and the mechanisms of neoplasia. The experimental approaches discussed in the chapter relate to the specific problems of the control of blood cell differentiation and neoplastic transformation and also to the more general problem in developmental biology—differential gene expression. The chapter discusses elementary issues related to the construction of a neuron or a liver cell. Both of these cell types contain identical genetic information that is differentially expressed in a tissue-specific fashion. The chapter discusses the action of erythropoietin in inducing the growth and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells as a model for investigating the regulation of change in coordinated gene expression. The knowledge of early changes in gene expression seen in experimentally induced erythroid differentiation can be used to move back out of the nucleus to investigate those signal pathways responsible for these changes. Further insight into gene regulation by such signaling pathways is gained from artificially downregulating the signal transduction elements themselves. This combination of experimental approaches offers a powerful series of tools with which the regulation of human gene expression can be elucidated.
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