Abstract
The mineral content of thermal spring waters (TSW) applied at the surface of the skin can directly influence the skin barrier through changes in the skin biomechanical properties and ultrastructure; however, the mechanisms underlying these are not completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Avène TSW with mineral-rich (MR) TSW on the biomechanical properties of the skin using ex-vivo and clinical studies. Ex-vivo studies included analyses on: the skin surface ultrastructure and mineral element deposit using scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersing X-ray spectroscopy; and the drying stress profile of the stratum corneum (SC) when exposed to dehydration.
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