2437. First-line Fidaxomicin Use in High-risk Inpatients Reduces Recurrence Rates

Abstract

BackgroundFidaxomicin is recommended by the 2018 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines as a first-line treatment in adult patients with uncomplicated Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital (CRMH) implemented a clinical decision order set directing providers to initiate fidaxomicin for CDI in patients at high risk of recurrence. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of fidaxomicin on patient outcomes.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study included adults with a first episode or first recurrence of CDI before and after order set implementation. Patients receiving laxatives within 24 hours of testing and those with fulminant CDI were excluded. Pre-implementation was defined as May 2017 to November 2017 and post-implementation as May 2018 to November 2018. The primary endpoint was recurrence (diarrhea and a positive GDH with toxin or PCR within 30 days post-treatment). Secondary endpoints were clinical cure (resolution of symptoms within 2 days of completing therapy), global cure (cure with no recurrence at 3 months), mortality, and readmissions. Partial courses of fidaxomicin (i.e., patients discharged on another agent) were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 282 patients were included. In the pre-group, 59.1% received metronidazole, 39.6% oral vancomycin, and 1.3% fidaxomicin. In the post-group, fidaxomicin use increased to 52.3% and oral vancomycin was 44.5%. There was a significant improvement in recurrence (30.2% vs 17.1%, P = 0.019). Global cure and CDI upon readmission also improved in the post-group (Table 1). In patients receiving partial courses of fidaxomicin, recurrence (9.3% vs 25%, P = 0.19), global cure (86% vs 75%, P = 0.44), and infection on readmission (28.6% vs 37.5%, P = 0.67) were similar.ConclusionFidaxomicin as a first-line agent in high-risk CDI patients decreased recurrence and increased global cure. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.