Abstract
Systemic vasculitides encompass a group of diseases that can affect different caliber vessels. Large-vessel vasculitides (giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis) affect the kidney by predominantly affecting blood flow leading to renal ischemia and renovascular hypertension. Medium-vessel vasculitides (polyarteritis nodosa and Kawasaki disease) can reduce flow through the renal artery and may affect intrarenal arteries, resulting in infarction and hemorrhage. Small-vessel vasculitides (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody [ANCA] vasculitis, antiglomerular basement membrane [GBM] disease, immunoglobulin A [IgA] vasculitis, and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis) affect the glomerular capillaries resulting in glomerulonephritis. This chapter reviews the pathology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and management of each class of vasculitis with a primary focus on kidney involvement.
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