Abstract
This chapter discusses extraction and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of carotenoids in human serum. The carotenoid pattern of human plasma or serum is not as complex as in vegetables and fruits. The major carotenoids occurring in human plasma are lutein, zeaxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, α-carotene, and β-carotene. Although the trans forms predominate, cis forms of these carotenoids often occur in blood. The chapter discusses the criteria, which are important and critical in selecting the method for analysis. Continued work on the HPLC separation of carotenoids and retinoids during the past several years has made it possible to develop an extraction procedure and an isocratic HPLC procedure that enables simultaneous determination of all the major carotenoids and of retinol, retinyl esters, and the tocopherols in very small volumes of human serum. The details of the procedure are described in the chapter.
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