Abstract
Tuberous breast deformity is a congenital anomaly that poses one of the greatest technical challenges in aesthetic breast surgery. Characterized by breast base constriction, parenchymal hypoplasia, lower pole skin deficiency, superior malposition of the inframammary fold (IMF), areolar herniation, ptosis, and asymmetry; one, several, or all of these features may be present to varying degrees. Careful identification and classification are crucial for the establishment of a treatment plan. The keys to success in tuberous breast correction include: interruption of the fibrous ring constriction, release and expansion (in one or more stages) of lower pole deficiency, establishment of an appropriately positioned IMF, overcoming pre-existing IMF memory, augmenting the deficient lower pole for both volume and shape maintenance, reduction of areolar herniation, balancing areolar dimensions, correcting ptosis, and correcting asymmetry.
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