23 - Evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice (future directions: Research and practice)

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a commonly seen disorder. A review of its diagnostic criteria has allowed the phenotype to be recognized more commonly. A complex interplay of genetics, hormones, and lifestyle underpins PCOS. Literature is scarce from low- and middle-income countries. The link between PCOS and noncommunicable disease (NCD) is of concern. Furthermore, it warrants more research into PCOS prevention and active management. The International Evidence-Based Guidelines have identified many facets of PCOS, for which evidence is lacking. The primary objective of this chapter is to raise some key research priorities to inform further scientific inquiry within this health area. Researchers and public health implementers should be motivated to find and lead investigations into the many key research questions that these questions contain within themselves. These questions center on investigating and establishing quality standards for the diagnosis and understanding what works toward improving treatment and intervention. In addition, there are questions around identifying the associated mental and physical health comorbidity association, exploring the contextual and social factors related to PCOS outcomes, and strengthening capacity building and organizational readiness for health systems responsive to the needs of populations with or at risk for PCOS. Ultimately, along with the clinical questions, we need to include the questions related to genetic contributions and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and its dynamics.