226-OR: The Mediterranean Diet Increases GLP-1 and Oxyntomodulin Compared with Vegetarian Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects

Abstract

Aim: To compare a Mediterranean dietetic pattern with a vegetarian pattern in terms of hunger-satiety perception through post-prandial assessment of appetite-related hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and Oxyntomodulin (OXM), as well as self-rated Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) quantification, in overweight/obese type-2 diabetes (T2D) subjects. Methods: Twelve T2D subjects (M:F = 7:5), mean age 63 ± 8.5 years, were enrolled in our randomized, controlled, crossover study. Participants were given a vegetarian meal high in complex carbohydrate and dietary fiber (HFV, 35g fiber/1000 Kcal) as well as a Mediterranean (MED) meal in two different days over a one-week washout period. The two meals were isocaloric. Appetite ratings, glucose/insulin and gastrointestinal hormone concentrations were measured at fasting and every 30’ until 4 hours following meal consumption. Results: GLP-1 and OXM levels were significantly higher following MED meal consumption compared with HFV meal (240’ AUC, P <.022 and P <.023, respectively). Both MED and HFV meal resulted in a biphasic secretion pattern of GLP-1 and OXM, although MED meal was related to a delayed, significantly higher second GLP-1 peak at 150’ compared with that of HFV meal (P <.05). MED meal was related to lower glucose trend compared with HFV meal (P <.039), whereas we did not observe significant changes in terms of self-reported VAS scores and insulin trend. Conclusions: In T2D overweight/obese subjects, a MED-like meal is more effective than a vegetarian meal in terms of post-prandial plasma glucose homeostasis and GLP-1 and OXM release. These changes were not confirmed by VAS appetite self-assessment over a 4 hours period. Disclosure A. Di Mauro: None. D. Tuccinardi: None. R. Del Toro: None. L. Monte: None. R. Giorgino: None. L. Rampa: None. G. Rossini: None. S. Kyanvash: None. A. Soare: None. M.M. Rosati: None. Y. Khazrai: None. A. Piccoli: None. N. Napoli: None. P. Pozzilli: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Self; Medtronic, Sanofi. S. Manfrini: None.