Abstract
Our experiments were conducted to study the corrosion of iron and steel parts in the hydro-electric plants. In quiet acid water, containing H2SO4 or HCl, mild steels are corroded with the evolution of H2 gas when the pH value is less than 4.3. The corrosion rate is about the same either in H2SO4 solution or HCl solution when the solution is of a very dilute acidic nature. The influence of anions (SO4″ or Cl′) on the difference in corrosion rate of steels in a H2SO4 or a HCl solution is very slight ; the corrosion action is considerably greater in a HNO3 solution. When there is no evolution of H2 gas (when the pH value is greater than 4.3) the corrosion rate is constant, and independent of the pH value. In quiet water, the corrosion rate is very small compared to that in running water, that is, when the specimen is being rotated in acid water, the corrosion rate increases in proportion to their r.p.m. The corrosion rate in running water increases when the pH value is decreased from 7.0 to 4.3, but it becomes constant when the pH value is less than about 4.0, even if the acid concentration of water increases. This is due to the fact that the corrosion rate in dilute acid running water is greatly influenced by dissolved oxygen in water. The corrosion of steels in running water, or when the specimens are being rotated, is very severe because of the combined reaction of hydrogen ion and dissolved oxygen in water.
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