22 year solar modulation of Earth's northern hemisphere temperatures

Abstract

As reported earlier, solar particle events originating from the Sun's polar regions affect the Earth's troposphere in a way that is opposite to solar particle events from the Sun's equatorial regions. When the Sun's magnetic field reverses every 11 years, the tropospheric response also reverses. These results are based on European temperature data. The present extension (712 northern stations) to a more worldwide coverage shows that this complex behavior is reversed on the western side of the Earth's northern hemisphere. The border separating the two regimes (East vs. West) lies close to the meridian crossing the magnetic pole. These results imply that the physical mechanism linking the solar and tropospheric changes may be sensitive to the specific spatial conditions and magnetic polarity distributions.